Wheelchair Ergonomics

INTRODUCTION

Wheelchairs provide variable mobility to people with various physical disabilities. There are four major types of wheelchairs: indoor, outdoor, combined and special. Ergonomics, or design of equipment to prevent injury, considers all physical and anatomical limitations of the users. Occupational therapists perform ergonomic assessments to evaluate proper wheelchair fit for each individual client. A complete assessment may prevent future injury, and improve mobility.Buy online Ergonomic Wheelchair  for handicapped and disabled at lowest price and cheap cost in india from wheelchair india online shopping store.

SEAT WIDTH

The width of the wheelchair seat is based on the users’ widest point, usually the hips or thighs. If shoulders are wide, consider the shoulder width when choosing a seat width. A too-wide seat leads to difficulty in mobility, inadequate support and discomfort. A narrow seat contributes to pressure sores, inadequate support and discomfort. It is important to have an exact measurement of the seat width for optimal mobility and environmental accessibility.

SEAT DEPTH

The seat depth is measured from the back of the pelvis to the back of the knee. Users with one leg longer than the other require both legs measured. Also, make sure the user is in a proper posture prior to all measurements. Subtract 1 to 2 inches from the measurements for optimal comfort.

SEAT HEIGHT AND ANGLE

The distance of the seat from the floor needs to consider a ground clearance of foot rests at 2 to 3 inches. When using a seat cushion, its thickness needs to be considered in this measurement. Also, drop hooks lengths need to be subtracted. It is important to have knees at 90 degrees when the feet are placed on the ground.Buy online Ergonomic Wheelchair for handicapped and disabled at lowest price and cheap cost in india from wheelchair india online shopping store of Ergonomic Wheelchair manufacturer, dealer and supplier of variety of karma Ergonomic Wheelchair  at low price in india

Tilting the back of the wheelchair seat down towards the floor provides multiple benefits. It assists gravity with positioning, improves vision, improves stability, and trunk control, while increasing comfort. The tilt is accomplished by decreasing rear wheel size, or increasing the front castor.

BACK HEIGHT

The back height of the wheelchair is measured from the top of the seat cushion to the top of the back support cloth. Occupational therapists assess the height of the user, their balance needs, and their need for support in relation to the wheelchair. If the back height is too high a user will have limited arm and shoulder mobility. If the height is too low, the user has inadequate support resulting in fatigue and sliding. The therapists will use five anatomical landmarks for these measurements, depending on the condition of the user. Also, proper seat to back angle needs evaluation.

FOOTRESTS AND ARMRESTS

The footrest settings must accommodate the length of the users’ legs. A measurement is taken from the back of the knee to the heel. Shoes should be worn during the measuring. The thickness of the cushion is subtracted from this measurement. If the footrest length is high it leads to pelvic pressure, hip rotation and discomfort. Too low footrests result in thigh pressure, hip rotation and sliding. Also, footrest angles usually sit at 60, 70 or 90 degrees. Pediatric users find 90 degrees helpful.

Armrest height is measured from the seat surface, or cushion, to the elbow. During measurements the elbow is flexed at 90 degrees, the arms are comfortable at the sides, while the shoulders remain relaxed. Armrest width should accommodate the environment and assist in transfers to and from the wheelchair. 

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Benefit Of Ergonomic Wheelchair

Ergonomics: Benefits of Active Sitting for the Able-bodied

The field of ergonomics, in particular that of office furniture, now offers various active sitting products that enable different kinds of movement: forward and backward, lateral (side to side), 360 degree wobble, etc. It is important to note that the ergonomic research also indicates that - although movement is necessary - it is not enough.

All movements are not the same; there are movements to be avoided. For example, movement that alternates between different awkward sitting postures that repeatedly load the same joints will provide little benefit.Buy online Ergonomic Wheelchair for handicapped and disabled at lowest price and cheap cost in india from wheelchair india online shopping store of Ergonomic Wheelchair manufacturer, distributor, dealer and supplier of variety of karma Ergonomic Wheelchair at low price in india The benefits of active sitting are understood to occur with movements through a graded range of centered and symmetrical postures.

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The active and controlled postural positions in sitting are believed to activate and strengthen muscles in the back and core area,to relieve the static loads acting on joints, ligaments, and tendons, and to promote circulation for elimination of waste products. Thus, a dynamic, ergonomic sitting position is believed to lead to improved posture, core stability, and circulation.

Although extensive research in the field of ergonomics and active sitting is yet to become widely available, the logical benefits are easily extrapolated. The pelvis is tilted more forward in active sitting, and this pelvic position situates the spine for proper alignment and postural health.Since the individual is able to move in a controlled manner during active sitting, the body will strengthen postural muscles to maintain balance.

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This conditioning of the core muscles of the spine and trunk may significantly aid in preventing back pain. In turn, it is understood that movement lubricates and nourishes the spinal joints and intervertebral discs, keeping skeletal joints flexible and healthy.Many age-related changes in spinal joints are likely due to a lack of proper nourishment and motion. With postural stabilization in sitting and reaching, the leg and calf muscles are activated.

When the muscles of the lower extremities work lightly, as during active sitting, the resulting regular pumping action stimulates the return of lymphatic fluid, and minimizes lower leg edema and swollen ankles.Since movement allows blood to flow freely from the lower extremities, this improved circulation can reduce the risk of the development of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) while seated. 

Meanwhile, overall bodily movement may "shake out" muscle tension and stress that can build up in the neck, shoulders, or jaw during prolonged sitting postures. It is even thought that movement while sitting might improve focus and alertness because of the sensory and vestibular input.

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